Glyphosate residues in brazilian beeswax: optimization and validation method by HPLC/FLDPTIMIZATION AND VALIDATION METHOD BY HPLC/FLD
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17523/bia.2025.v82.e1938Keywords:
aminomethylphosphonic acid, bee products, contamination, pesticidesAbstract
In Brazil, one of the world's largest agricultural producers, beehives have declined due to the mismanagement of pesticides, affecting pollination and compromising food availability. For this purpose, bee products are used as bioindicators to define environmental impacts resulting from anthropogenic changes in biodiversity. Thus, an analytical method to quantify glyphosate (GLY) and its main metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in beeswax was validated using a fluorescence detector and postcolumn reaction. The quantification limit was 0.05 mg/kg, and the recoveries ranged from 75% to 93% with a coefficient of variation of less than 11% for GLY and AMPA. The validated method was applied to 18 beeswax samples from areas with extensive agriculture and forest. None of them showed GLY or AMPA contamination. The fact that no contamination was found in Brazilian samples, even with the widespread use of GLY, emphasizes the significance of continuous studies and monitoring to protect bee health and ensure apiculture product safety.
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