Effect of environmental and genetic factors on birth weights of Holstein calves

Authors

  • Guilherme Paes Guaragna Instituto de Zootecnia, Estação Experimental de Zootecnia de Pindamonhangaba, SP
  • Geraldo Gonçalves Carneiro Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária, Belo Horizonte, MG
  • José Rodolpho Torres Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária, Belo Horizonte, MG
  • Luiz Benito Gambini Instituto de Zootecnia, Estação Experimental de Zootecnia de Pindamonhangaba, SP

Keywords:

birth weight, heritability of birth weight

Abstract

It was studied birth weight of 425 female and 389 male black and white Holstein calves, born from 1945 to 1963, at the Estação Experimental de Zootecnia de Pindamonhangaba, São Paulo State. The follow equation was used to adjust birth weight by a multiple regression analysis: Ŷ = -617.605 + 0.7746a - 0.038a2 + 0.1445i - 0.0007i2 + 4.3829g - 0.0074g2 - 2.3866s. Gestation lenght (g) was the most significant source of variation (14% of the observed total variance) followed by sex (s) (5.5%), age of cow (i) (4.8%) and year of birth (a) (2.4%). Mean birth weight was 37.4 kg for males and 34.5 kg for females, and 35.9±4.9 kg for both. The adjusted difference between sex was 2.39 kg. The mean gestation length was 278.days (s.d. = 5.8 days). Birth weight quadraticly increased with the rise in gestation length till 295 days. The youngest and the oldest cows calved the lightest calves, the heaviest calves were produced by 8.6 years cows. Year of birth was an important source of variation while month of birth, bull origin and interaction contributed very few for birth weight variation and were not considered. Heritability estimate for birth weight was 0.341±0.108 providing genetic change by selection.

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Published

2014-01-15

Issue

Section

ANIMAL BREEDING

How to Cite

Effect of environmental and genetic factors on birth weights of Holstein calves. (2014). Bulletin of Animal Husbandry, 47(1), 19-30. http://35.198.24.243/index.php/bia/article/view/747

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